In 2026 Washington moved to lock in grazing "no net loss" even as three-quarters of grazing land is renewed with no environmental review. The finale weighs the reckoning and the alternatives, including voluntary permit buyouts, recreation and restoration, then returns to Pinchot's promise and the land of many abuses to deliver a verdict.
1905Transfer Act moves the forest reserves to Agriculture; Pinchot states the creed
2013BLM authorizes grazing on 47% of its acreage without environmental review
2014A defense bill rider authorizes automatic 10-year permit renewal
2023Share of BLM grazing land renewed without review reaches about 75%
October 2025Voluntary Grazing Permit Retirement Act introduced
March 2026Burgum and Rollins sign the grazing memorandum affirming no net loss
Still debated
Whether the memorandum's no-net-loss language works as a hard cattle floor or a soft aspiration consistent with applicable law is disputed between the agencies and watchdog readings. Reported narrowing of public standing to appeal grazing decisions was not confirmed from regulatory text.