Sovereign citizens argue they are a separate 'living man' apart from a corporate 'strawman' named on their court papers. Judges, having heard it so often, dispatch such arguments with boilerplate. The episode follows the idea indoors from the courtroom to the Moorish sovereign variant, and shows why it loses on ground the courts own.
Who's who
Richard PosnerSeventh Circuit judge; canonical dismissal in United States v. Schneider
Noble Drew AliFounded the Moorish Science Temple of America in 1913
RookeAlberta justice who catalogued pseudolegal arguments in Meads v. Meads (2012)
Where it happens
MoroccoPartner in the 1787 Treaty of Peace and Friendship with the U.S.
1787U.S. and Morocco sign the Treaty of Peace and Friendship
1913Moorish Science Temple of America founded
1990United States v. Schneider rejects sovereign-style arguments
2011United States v. Benabe says such defenses be rejected summarily
2012Meads v. Meads in Alberta catalogs pseudolegal arguments
July 2021Armed Moorish sovereign standoff shuts down I-95 in Wakefield
Still debated
Researchers disagree on how many followers are true believers, how many are opportunists using paperwork as cover for squatting and fraud, and how large the movement is. The descent of Moorish tactics from Posse Comitatus is documented but contested in emphasis. The legitimate Moorish Science Temple rejects the sovereign movement.